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PREFACE | PROFESSIONAL
CONDUCT AND ATTITUDES | SKILLS
| HEALTH
SUPERVISION |
GROWTH
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DEVELOPMENT | BEHAVIOR
| NUTRITION
| PREVENTION
|ISSUES
UNIQUE TO ADOLESCENCE |
ISSUES UNIQUE TO THE NEWBORN |
MEDICAL GENETICS AND DYSMORPHOLOGY | COMMON
ACUTE PEDIATIC ILLNESS |
COMMON CHRONIC ILLNESS AND DISABILITY | THERAPEUTICS
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FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE MANAGEMENT | POISONING
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PEDIATRIC EMERGENCIES | CHILD
ABUSE | CHILD
ADVOCACY | COMMON PEDIATRIC ILLNESS TABLE
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CLINICAL ENCOUNTER TABLE | DIAGNOSIS LIST | CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT PARTICIPANTS
Rationale
Prerequisites
Competencies
Processes
Rationale
All health care providers must be able to identify the infant,
child, or adolescent with a medical emergency. A systemic and thorough
approach to the seriously ill child may significantly reduce morbidity
and mortality.
Prerequisites
- Knowledge of the cardiopulmonary responses to decreased or
relatively decreased intravascular volume.
- Certification in basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Competencies
Knowledge
- List the symptoms of and describe the initial emergency management
of shock, respiratory distress, lethargy, apnea, and status epilepticus
in pediatric patients. (CP)
- Describe the age-appropriate differential diagnosis and the
key clinical findings that would suggest a diagnosis for each
of the emergent clinical problems in the table below.
- Describe the clinical findings for each of the diagnosis to
consider in the table below.
Pediatric Emergencies Table
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Emergent Clinical Problem
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Diagnoses to Consider
(Core pediatric level)
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Diagnoses to Consider
(mastery pediatric level)
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Airway Obstruction / Respiratory distress
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Croup, bronchiolitis, asthma, pneumonia, foreign body
aspiration, anaphylaxis
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peritonsillar or retropharyngeal abscess
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Altered mental status (Delirium/lethargy)
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Head injury, increased ICP, substance abuse, infection
(encephalitis, meningitis), diabetic ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia,
abuse, shock, hypoxemia.
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intussusception
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Apnea
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acute life-threatening event (ALTE), seizures, and respiratory
infections (RSV and pertussis), GERD, sepsis
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cardiac dysrhythmias, breath holding spells
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Ataxia
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ingestion, infection, and tumor
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Gastrointestinal bleeding
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Meckel's diverticulum, fissure, intussusception
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inflammatory bowel disease, allergic colitis, peptic ulcer
disease
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Injuries and accidents
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Animal bites, minor head injury, nursemaids elbow
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sprains and fractures, burns, near drowning, lacerations
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Proptosis
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tumor and orbital cellulitis
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Seizures
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Infection (i.e., meningitis or encephalitis), status
epilepticus, febrile, ingestion, hypoxemia, shock, electrolyte
disturbances
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tumor
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Shock
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Sepsis, severe dehydration, diabetic ketoacidoses, anaphylaxis,
congestive heart failure and ingestion.
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Burns, neurogenic shock, ductal dependent heart lesions,
and adrenal insufficiency
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Suicidal Ideation
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Depression (U)
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Skills
- Demonstrate the appropriate anticipatory guidance to prevent
life-threatening conditions (e.g. infant positioning for sudden
infant death syndrome (SIDS), locks to prevent poisoning, and
the use of car seats and bicycle helmets) (see also Prevention).
(CP)
- Demonstrate the "ABC" assessment as a means for identifying
who requires immediate medical attention and intervention. (U)
Processes
All students on the pediatric clerkship should see a patient or
patients, real or simulated, with respiratory distress
Click
here to link to the Clinical Case Scenarios.
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